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March 2010

Fugue (3/31/10)

I'm sure this isn't a new word to any of you. But I love the second definition. And I have been obsessing on Bach for the last month or so and listening to fugue

after fugue. I now realize that I have been in a fugue state. This comes, once again, from Dr. Goodword.
 
Meaning: 1. (Music) A musical structure in which a theme is extended and developed mainly by imitative counterpoint (combining two distinct lines) in different voices.
 
2. (Psychology) A state of altered consciousness in which a person wanders away from their present life and begins a new one. After recovery, there is no memory of the fugue episode.
 
Notes: Why did I never get a million when I was alive? In the summer of 2005, an 80-page draft of Ludwig von Beethoven's Grosse Fugue for Piano for Four Hands, written in Beethoven's own hand, was discovered in a drawer at a Philadelphia seminary. It was quickly sold for $1.9 million to an anonymous buyer. You can hear the new piece at the NPR website  Fugal is the adjective, fugally, the adverb, and Bach was a better fuguist, composer of fugues, than was Beethoven.
 
In Play: There is little you can say about fugues; it is best to listen to them. Bach probably wrote the best. There is room to play with the psychological sense of this word: "Every time anything goes wrong in the office, Arthur seems to be  off on a fugue and can't remember anything about the problem when he returns."
 
Word History: Today's Good Word was taken pretty much 'as is' from French, which got it from Latin fuga "flight". The Latin verb was fugere "to flee", closely related to Greek feugein "to flee". The Latin verb is also the origin of our word fugitive. You might have heard the Latin verb in the phrase tempus fugit, close in meaning to English "time flies", as in "Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like an apple.

 

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Funny English for Tourists (3/24/10)

This came via email to us.

Cocktail lounge, Norway: 

"LADIES ARE REQUESTED NOT TO HAVE CHILDREN IN THE BAR." 
  
At a Budapes zoo: 
"PLEASE DO NOT FEED THE ANIMALS. IF YOU HAVE ANY SUITABLE FOOD, GIVE IT TO THE GUARD ON DUTY." 
  
Doctors office, Rome: 
"SPECIALIST IN WOMEN AND OTHER DISEASES. 
  
Hotel, Acapulco: 
"THE MANAGER HAS PERSONALLY PASSED ALL THE WATER SERVED HERE." 
  
Dry cleaners, Bangkok: 
"DROP YOUR TROUSERS HERE FOR THE BEST RESULTS. 
  
In a Nairobi restaurant: 
"CUSTOMERS WHO FIND OUR WAITRESSES RUDE OUGHT TO SEE THE MANAGER." 
  
On the grounds of a private school: 
"NO TRESPASSING WITHOUT PERMISSION." 
  
On an Athi River highway (KENYA): 
"TAKE NOTICE: WHEN THIS SIGN IS UNDER WATER, THIS ROAD IS IMPASSABLE." 
  
On a poster at Kencom (Video Production Co.): 
"ARE YOU AN ADULT THAT CANNOT READ?  IF SO, WE CAN HELP." 
  
In a City restaurant: 
"OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK AND WEEKENDS. 
  
One of the Mathare (Slums of Nairobe) buildings: 
"MENTAL HEALTH PREVENTION CENTRE." 
  
A sign seen on an automatic restroom hand dryer: 
"DO NOT ACTIVATE WITH WET HANDS." 
  
In a Pumwani (KENYA) maternity ward: 
"NO CHILDREN ALLOWED." 
  
In a cemetery: 
"PERSONS ARE PROHIBITED FROM PICKING FLOWERS FROM ANY BUT THEIR OWN GRAVES." 
  
On the menu of a Swiss restaurant: 
"OUR WINES LEAVE YOU NOTHING TO HOPE FOR." 
  
Hotel brochure, Italy: 
"THIS HOTEL IS RENOWNED FOR ITS PEACE AND SOLITUDE. IN FACT, CROWDS FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD FLOCK HERE TO ENJOY ITS SOLITUDE." 
  
Hotel lobby, Bucharest: 
"THE LIFT IS BEING FIXED FOR THE NEXT DAY. DURING THAT TIME WE REGRET THAT YOU WILL BE UNBEARABLE." 
  
Hotel elevator, Paris: 
"PLEASE LEAVE YOUR VALUES AT THE FRONT DESK." 
  
Hotel, Japan: 
"YOU ARE INVITED TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE CHAMBERMAID." 
  
In the lobby of a Moscow hotel across from a Russian Orthodox monastery: 
"YOU ARE WELCOME TO VISIT THE CEMETERY WHERE FAMOUS RUSSIAN AND SOVIET COMPOSERS, ARTISTS, AND WRITERS ARE BURIED DAILY EXCEPT THURSDAY." 
  
Taken from a menu, Poland: 
"SALAD A FIRM'S OWN MAKE; LIMPID RED BEET SOUP WITH CHEESY DUMPLINGS IN THE FORM OF A FINGER; ROASTED DUCK LET LOOSE; BEEF RASHERS BEATEN IN THE COUNTRY PEOPLE'S FASHION." 
  
Supermarket, Hong Kong: 
"FOR YOUR CONVENIENCE, WE RECOMMEND COURTEOUS, EFFICIENT SELF-SERVICE." 
  
From the "Soviet Weekly": 
"THERE WILL BE A MOSCOW EXHIBITION OF ARTS BY 15,000 SOVIET REPUBLIC PAINTERS AND SCULPTORS.  THESE WERE EXECUTED OVER THE PAST TWO YEARS." 
  
In an East African newspaper: 
"A NEW SWIMMING POOL IS RAPIDLY TAKING SHAPE SINCE THE CONTRACTORS HAVE THROWN IN THE BULK OF THEIR WORKERS." 
  
Hotel, Vienna: 
"IN CASE OF FIRE, DO YOUR UTMOST TO ALARM THE HOTEL PORTER." 
  
An advertisement by a Hong Kong dentist: 
"TEETH EXTRACTED BY THE LATEST METHODISTS." 
  
Tourist agency Czechoslovakia: 
"TAKE ONE OF OUR HORSE-DRIVEN CITY TOURS.  WE GUARANTEE NO MISCARRIAGES." 
  
In a Swiss mountain inn: 
"SPECIAL TODAY -- NO ICE-CREAM." 
  
Airline ticket office, Copenhagen: 
"WE TAKE YOUR BAGS AND SEND THEM IN ALL DIRECTIONS." 
  
On the door of a Moscow hotel room: 
"IF THIS IS YOUR FIRST VISIT TO THE USSR, YOU ARE WELCOME TO IT." 
  
A laundry in Rome: 
"LADIES, LEAVE YOUR CLOTHES HERE AND SPEND THE AFTERNOON HAVING A GOOD TIME."  
  
A Finnish hotel's instructions in case of fire: 
"IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LEAVE YOUR ROOM, EXPOSE YOURSELF IN THE WINDOW."
 
There are also a couple of related websites if these aren't enough for you -- 13 more and 9 more.

Ice Festival, Archbishop Romero (3/17/10)

 
I have been sinus-sick so totally uncreative this week. Therefore I'm going to send you to two interesting websites, neither of which is language related. 
 
The first contains some amazingly beautiful photos of the Harbin (China) Ice Festival, of which I had never heard.
 
Kaleidoscopic colors and fantastical, otherworldly shapes jutting into the night sky, pulsing and flashing with electricity; crystalline turrets and luminous spires towering over mythological creatures and gleaming, sweeping stairways shot through with bursts of neon fire....
 
Adjectives quickly fail you and you grope for comparisons: "It's Las Vegas meets Disneyland in the Forbidden City in the CGI FX yet-to-be-made fantasy sci-fi blockbuster of the future!" Or something to that effect. But all you really need to say is: "It's the Harbin Ice Festival!" And don't forget your camera.
 
Harbin is best known for this, the annual International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival (Harbin Guiji Bingxue Jie), a spectacular display of ingenuity and imagination that takes over the city every January, turning China's northernmost metropolis into an icy wonderland.
 
The second is from the BBC. The bad news is that it's hard to sleep when you can't breathe. The good news is that the BBC, which plays all night on WUNC, has begun a 2-part series for the 30th anniversary of the murder of Archbishop Oscar Romero in El Salvador. You can listen to these after the fact on their website. It is amazing to someone of my age how totally a whole region like Central America can disappear from our consciousness when, thirty years ago, it was as central as the Middle East is today.

International Women's Day (3/10/10)

 

In an earlier life, I taught and studied international women's health. March 8 was always a day that we attended to in class. It has never received a lot of attention in the US but I did find a few web pages that you might want to look at. I know this isn't particularly language related so I hope you'll bear with me and enjoy these links.
 
The mimosa  is the symbol  of the celebrations of Women's day in Italy and Russia
  • For general information, Wikipedia wins again.
  • The New York Times had a very interesting article on IWD on the best countries for women.
  • Reuters has a someone confusing set of three pages of photos of women. The  photos are wonderful but somewhat slow to load, particularly Page 1. For that page, I suggest you select View all Images and then go do something else for a little while. All of the photos will appear on one web page.

Here's one of my favorite photos to the right. There's a little duplication on the three pages but not much. The slide shows do move a little too fast.

Duo, duet, trio, trilogy, quartet ... (3/3/10)

A friend asked me if I had a copy of the second volume in a series that she had started. I thought I had but when I looked at my bookshelf, at the spot I thought the trilogy lived, I realized that it was a different series, one with four volumes. Emailing her that I didn't have it, I got stuck on what to call what I did have. I thought it should be called a quadrology or some such. Thinking back to Lawrence Durrell's Alexandria Quartet, which I read several times in my youth, I realized that I was probably inventing a word whole cloth.

Mary cleverly googled "if a three book set is trilogy, what is a four book set" and found someone of like mind. On a Portuguese web site we found 

Tópico: If a 3-book set is a trilogy
Mensagem 1: then a 4-book set is a ... quadrology? quartet?
 
Someone else commented that "we tend to go for the Greek version for series of books: trilogy, tetralogy, pentalogy, hexalogy..." 
 
So for music we get duo and duet, trio, quartet, quintet, etc. and for books something quite different.
 
So perhaps Durrell should have named his series the Alexandria tetralogy. Although I see his work has been called painterly and writerly, I remember feeling that it was quite musical. So perhaps quartet is correct. I also learned that the Lord of the Rings is not a trilogy. It is one book divided into three volumes. Now Harry Potter ... maybe we just go with series at that point.
 
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